CTP Synthase (Sarah Pyfrom) - Revision history

Sapyfrom: /* CTP synthase (synthetase) */

2009-09-08T14:50:22Z

‎CTP synthase (synthetase)

Sapyfrom: /* CTP synthase (synthetase) */

2009-09-08T14:48:18Z

‎CTP synthase (synthetase)

Sapyfrom: /* CTP synthase (synthetase) */

2009-09-08T14:43:12Z

‎CTP synthase (synthetase)

Sapyfrom: /* CTP synthase (synthetase) */

2009-09-08T14:40:16Z

‎CTP synthase (synthetase)

Sapyfrom: /* CTP synthase */

2009-09-08T14:26:56Z

‎CTP synthase

Sapyfrom: /* CTP synthase */

2009-09-08T14:15:49Z

‎CTP synthase

Sapyfrom: /* CTP synthase */

2009-09-08T14:11:55Z

‎CTP synthase

Sapyfrom: /* CTP synthase */

2009-09-08T04:37:05Z

‎CTP synthase

Sapyfrom: /* CTP synthase */

2009-09-08T04:36:33Z

‎CTP synthase

Sapyfrom: /* CTP synthase */

2009-09-08T04:32:31Z

‎CTP synthase

@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 '''Functions of CTP synthase:'''
-CTP synthase is necessary for all life, and is involved in the formation of ATP from ADP. It has been shown that ratios of UTP:CTP can control or regulate other enzymes such as ATCase. [http://www.epidna.com/showabstract.php?pmid=2692533&redirect=yes&terms=UTP+pyrimidine GA O'Donovan, S Herlick, DE Beck, PK Dutta] CTP synthase is negatively affected by increased levels of CTP. In this way, the pathway moderates itself by creating a negative feedback loop.  CTP synthase is activated by the presence of its substrates: ATP and UTP.
+CTP synthase is necessary for all life, and is involved in the formation of ATP from ADP [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytosine source]. It has been shown that ratios of UTP:CTP can control or regulate other enzymes such as ATCase. [http://www.epidna.com/showabstract.php?pmid=2692533&redirect=yes&terms=UTP+pyrimidine GA O'Donovan, S Herlick, DE Beck, PK Dutta] CTP synthase is negatively affected by increased levels of CTP. In this way, the pathway moderates itself by creating a negative feedback loop.  CTP synthase is activated by the presence of its substrates: ATP and UTP.
 '''BLASTp'''

@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 '''Functions of CTP synthase:'''
-CTP synthase is necessary for all life, since it forms one of the essential building blocks for DNA. It has been shown that ratios of UTP:CTP can control or regulate other enzymes such as ATCase. [http://www.epidna.com/showabstract.php?pmid=2692533&redirect=yes&terms=UTP+pyrimidine GA O'Donovan, S Herlick, DE Beck, PK Dutta] CTP synthase is negatively affected by increased levels of CTP. In this way, the pathway moderates itself by creating a negative feedback loop.  CTP synthase is activated by the presence of its substrates: ATP and UTP.
+CTP synthase is necessary for all life, and is involved in the formation of ATP from ADP. It has been shown that ratios of UTP:CTP can control or regulate other enzymes such as ATCase. [http://www.epidna.com/showabstract.php?pmid=2692533&redirect=yes&terms=UTP+pyrimidine GA O'Donovan, S Herlick, DE Beck, PK Dutta] CTP synthase is negatively affected by increased levels of CTP. In this way, the pathway moderates itself by creating a negative feedback loop.  CTP synthase is activated by the presence of its substrates: ATP and UTP.
 '''BLASTp'''

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 [[Image:2C5M_400x400.png]]
-ID Number: [http://img.jgi.doe.gov/cgi-bin/geba/main.cgi?section=GeneDetail&page=geneDetail&gene_oid=644032266 644032266]
+ID Number: [http://img.jgi.doe.gov/cgi-bin/geba/main.cgi?section=GeneDetail&page=geneDetail&gene_oid=644032266 644032266], [http://img.jgi.doe.gov/cgi-bin/geba/main.cgi?exportGenes=1&exportType=nucleic&gene_oid=644032266&up_stream=0&down_stream=0 1653bp]
 '''Figure 1'''. '' 3D model of human CTP synthase.''

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 Cytidine 5'-triphosphate (CTP) synthase uses either ammonia or  L-glutamine as the source of nitrogen in order to transform UTP into CTP. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B73DJ-4C0HSFN-2&_user=2665120&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000058476&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2665120&md5=8fb6a07dfee70c046b844c4756deb966 MacDonnell JE, Lunn FA, Bearne SL.]
 [[Image:CTPsyn.gif]]
@@ Line 26: / Line 25: @@
 '''Functions of CTP synthase:'''
-It has been shown that ratios of UTP:CTP can control or regulate other enzymes such as ATCase. [http://www.epidna.com/showabstract.php?pmid=2692533&redirect=yes&terms=UTP+pyrimidine GA O'Donovan, S Herlick, DE Beck, PK Dutta] CTP synthase is negatively affected by increased levels of CTP. In this way, the pathway moderates itself by creating a negative feedback loop.
+CTP synthase is necessary for all life, since it forms one of the essential building blocks for DNA. It has been shown that ratios of UTP:CTP can control or regulate other enzymes such as ATCase. [http://www.epidna.com/showabstract.php?pmid=2692533&redirect=yes&terms=UTP+pyrimidine GA O'Donovan, S Herlick, DE Beck, PK Dutta] CTP synthase is negatively affected by increased levels of CTP. In this way, the pathway moderates itself by creating a negative feedback loop.  CTP synthase is activated by the presence of its substrates: ATP and UTP.
 '''BLASTp'''
@@ Line 40: / Line 39: @@
 '''Other''':

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-==CTP synthase==
+==CTP synthase (synthetase)==
 [[Image:2C5M_400x400.png]]
@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 BLASTp hits confirm that high identity is found between CTP synthases in many other species and Halomicrobium mukohataei.
-""GC Content""
+'''GC Content'''
 The GC content of this gene is 63.8% which is quite similar to our species' average of 65%. This suggests that the gene is not "alien" to our species' genome.

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 '''Molecular function:''' converts UTP to CTP.
-'''Cellular component:''' cytoplasm
+'''Cellular component:''' ???
 Cytidine 5'-triphosphate (CTP) synthase uses either ammonia or  L-glutamine as the source of nitrogen in order to transform UTP into CTP. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B73DJ-4C0HSFN-2&_user=2665120&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000058476&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2665120&md5=8fb6a07dfee70c046b844c4756deb966 MacDonnell JE, Lunn FA, Bearne SL.]
@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 '''Glutamine pathway:'''
-Even though ATP is required for synthesis of CTP by CTP synthase, GTP is also necessary as an allosteric moderator when glutamine is used as the substrate.[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B73DJ-4C0HSFN-2&_user=2665120&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000058476&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2665120&md5=8fb6a07dfee70c046b844c4756deb966 MacDonnell JE, Lunn FA, Bearne SL.]
+Even though ATP is required for synthesis of CTP by CTP synthase, I found an article that suggests that GTP is also necessary as an allosteric moderator when glutamine is used as the substrate.[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B73DJ-4C0HSFN-2&_user=2665120&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000058476&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2665120&md5=8fb6a07dfee70c046b844c4756deb966 MacDonnell JE, Lunn FA, Bearne SL.] However, I have found no other evidence that GTP is necessary for CTP synthase to use glutamine as a substrate. Although, I have found other papers which agree that CTP synthase can use either ATP or GTP to power the conversion of UTP to CTP.
 '''Functions of CTP synthase:'''
-It has been shown that ratios of UTP:CTP can control or regulate other enzymes such as ATCase. [http://www.epidna.com/showabstract.php?pmid=2692533&redirect=yes&terms=UTP+pyrimidine GA O'Donovan, S Herlick, DE Beck, PK Dutta]
+It has been shown that ratios of UTP:CTP can control or regulate other enzymes such as ATCase. [http://www.epidna.com/showabstract.php?pmid=2692533&redirect=yes&terms=UTP+pyrimidine GA O'Donovan, S Herlick, DE Beck, PK Dutta] CTP synthase is negatively affected by increased levels of CTP. In this way, the pathway moderates itself by creating a negative feedback loop.
 '''BLASTp'''

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 [[Image:2C5M_400x400.png]]
 ID Number: [http://img.jgi.doe.gov/cgi-bin/geba/main.cgi?section=GeneDetail&page=geneDetail&gene_oid=644032266 644032266]
 '''Biological process:''' pyrimidine biosynthesis.
@@ Line 15: / Line 17: @@
-'''Figure 1.''' ''Conversion of UTP to CTP by CTP synthase using the NH2 group from Glutamine and ATP as the activator. CTP synthase is activated by either GTP or ATP, converting them into ADP or GDP respectively. A (adenine) and G (guanine) are both purines. By deconstructing a purine in order to form a pyrimidine, CTP synthase can affect the balance of purines to pyrimidines.''
+'''Figure 2.''' ''Conversion of UTP to CTP by CTP synthase using the NH2 group from Glutamine and ATP as the activator. CTP synthase is activated by either GTP or ATP, converting them into ADP or GDP respectively. A (adenine) and G (guanine) are both purines. By deconstructing a purine in order to form a pyrimidine, CTP synthase can affect the balance of purines to pyrimidines.''
@@ Line 32: / Line 34: @@
 BLASTp hits confirm that high identity is found between CTP synthases in many other species and Halomicrobium mukohataei.

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:32, 8 September 2009
Line 30:		Line 30:

	'''BLASTp'''		'''BLASTp'''
		+	[[Image:blastp.png]]
		+

	BLASTp hits confirm that high identity is found between CTP synthases in many other species and Halomicrobium mukohataei.		BLASTp hits confirm that high identity is found between CTP synthases in many other species and Halomicrobium mukohataei.