Leland

Wine

What is wine? Basically, wine is fermented fruit juice. Typically grapes are used to make wine because grapes have the right balance of sugars, acids and enzymes to make good wine Footnote 2. This is important because the workhorse behind wine is yeast. Yeast is a tiny organism that, under the right conditions, will consume simple sugars. As it consumes these sugars, one of the byproducts is alcohol.

It is possible to make wine out of blueberries [Blueberry Winery]; however, "it is not all that easy to make a good blueberry wine, according to most experts [Buy Blueberry Wine Section]." Part of the issue may be one must add extra sugars to obtain enough alcohol to qualify as wine [Make Blueberry Wine Section][Blueberry Wine Recipe]. However, sometimes you also add sugar to grape wine to achieve the proper alcohol levels (but often times no extra sugar is needed) [[1]]. The difficulty to make blueberry wine may have to do with the pH of a blueberry. In order to make good tasting wine, it is best to start with an acidic juice. This acidity keeps the final product from tasting flat and gives the wine character. It also makes for more favorable conditions for fermentation by the yeast. Ideal pH levels for wine are about 3.8 to 3.4 [[2]].

It is also interesting to note that the color of the blueberry correlates with the pH of the fruit. Blueberries contain anthocyanins which change color from purple, blue, or red according to the pH. This compound is also found in blackberries, black currant, eggplants, cranberries, raspberries, and strawberries, and may also contribute to the coloring of these fruits [[3]]