Difference between revisions of "History and Background"
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== Function in Natural Systems == | == Function in Natural Systems == | ||
| − | The existence of ribozymes in natural systems is fairly rare, which is not to say that they are not important. In essense, the active part of the ribosome that translates RNA can be considered a ribozyme. | + | The existence of ribozymes in natural systems is fairly rare, which is not to say that they are not important. In essense, the active part of the ribosome that translates RNA can be considered a ribozyme. Of particular interest is the hammerhead ribozyme listed below for its property of self-cleaving catalytic activity. |
| + | == == Types of Natural Ribozymes == == | ||
| + | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosomal_RNA Peptidy transferase 23S rRNA] | ||
| + | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNase_P RNase P] | ||
| + | *Group I and Group II [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intron introns] | ||
| + | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadzyme Leadzyme] | ||
| + | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairpin_ribozyme Hairpin ribozyme] | ||
| + | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammerhead_ribozyme Hammerhead ribozyme] | ||
| + | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_delta_virus_ribozyme Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) ribozyme] | ||
| + | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalian_CPEB3_ribozyme Mammalian CPEB3] | ||
| + | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VS_ribozyme Varkud satellite (VS) ribozyme] | ||
| + | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlmS_glucosamine-6-phosphate_activated_ribozyme Glucosamine-6-phosphate activated ribozyme ''glmS'' ribozyme] | ||
| + | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-globin_co-transcriptional_cleavage_ribozyme Beta-globin co-transcriptional cleavage ribozyme CoTC ribozyme] | ||
Revision as of 02:08, 20 November 2007
Discovery
In 1967, Carl Woese, Francis Crick and Leslie Orgel hypothesized that RNA molecules could be used as catalysts based on their complex secondary structures. It was not until 1982 when Thomas R. Cech first showed that RNA molecules could be used as catalysts of chemical reactions, for which won the Nobel Peace prize along with Sidney Altman in 1989. However, the term "ribozyme" was coined by Kelly Kruger et al in a paper published in Cell in 1982. Since then, ribozymes have proven to be an important area of research in gene technology.
Function in Natural Systems
The existence of ribozymes in natural systems is fairly rare, which is not to say that they are not important. In essense, the active part of the ribosome that translates RNA can be considered a ribozyme. Of particular interest is the hammerhead ribozyme listed below for its property of self-cleaving catalytic activity.
== Types of Natural Ribozymes ==
- Peptidy transferase 23S rRNA
- RNase P
- Group I and Group II introns
- Leadzyme
- Hairpin ribozyme
- Hammerhead ribozyme
- Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) ribozyme
- Mammalian CPEB3
- Varkud satellite (VS) ribozyme
- Glucosamine-6-phosphate activated ribozyme glmS ribozyme
- Beta-globin co-transcriptional cleavage ribozyme CoTC ribozyme
