Difference between revisions of "Halorhabdus utahensis Genome"

Revision as of 02:28, 9 September 2008

This page will be used by Davidson College students in the Genomics Laboratory course.

RNA Genes

tRNA Genes Check List
rRNA operon
2 misc. RNA genes (short summary list)
References
Gene Annotation Template

This is a list of glossary words (A - Z):

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

B

C

carbon fixation - using carbon dioxide to create organic materials (Samantha)

COG (Cluster of Orthologous Groups)- corresponds to a highly conserved domain and generally consists of either individual proteins or groups of paralogs (COG Pallavi)
concatemer - long continuous DNA molecule that contains the same DNA sequence repeated in series (Samantha)

D

E

F

G

glaucophyte - freshwater algae that have not been studied well (Samantha)

H

haplotype-collection of alleles that travel together (Lecture, Pallavi)

haptophyte - phylum of algae (Samantha)

heterokont - major line of eukaryotes consisting of about 10,500 known species, most of which are algae (Samantha)

homeobox - DNA sequence within transcription factor genes that allow the cell to respond to patterns of development by having the transcription factors switch on gene cascades (Samantha)

horizontal gene transfer-DNA transmission between species and incorporation of the DNA into the recipient's genome (horizontal gene transfer Pallavi)

I

indole-a chemical compound that is produced from the break down of tryptophan (indole Pallavi)

J

K

L

M

N

nucleomorph - reduced eukaryotic nuclei found in plastids (Samantha)

O

open reading frame (ORF)-a segment of DNA that can potentially encode for a protein and it begins with a start codon (usually ATG) ORF (Pallavi)

optical mapping-DNA sequences of the organism in question are compared against a karyotype that specifically looks at restriction sites found within the DNA to correctly order the DNA sequences on a chromosome. This methodology gives very detailed haplotype information and allows for the detection of sequence variations across an entire genome optical mapping (Pallavi)

ortholog-different DNA sequences that look very similar, but have no evolutionary relationship (Lecture, Pallavi)

P

paralog-identical DNA sequences within a species (Lecture, Pallavi)

plastid - major organelles in plants or algae (Samantha)

proteome - entire set of proteins expressed by a genome, cell, tissue, or organism. It may refer to expressed proteins under certain conditions (Samantha)

psuedogenes-A sequence of DNA that looks like a gene, but most likely contains many stop codons. It may have evolved away from a real gene or a paralog might have taken its place (Lecture, Pallavi)

Q

quinone-a chemical compound that can be used biologically as a coenzyme, acceptor or vitamin. (quinone Pallavi)

R

rDNA-These are DNA sequences that encode for ribosomal RNA. Note that rDNA can also stand for recombinant DNA. (rDNA Pallavi)

retrotransposons - RNA transcribed back into DNA and added into the genome (Samantha)

S

Shine-Dalgarno sequence - A ribosomal binding site on an mRNA, usually a sequence of six base pairs about six or seven base pairs upstream of the start codon. An anti-Shine-Dalgarno sequence exists on the rRNA in the small subunit of the ribosome; when the two sequences align, the mRNA is lined up and prepared for transcription. (Lecture and Wikipedia article, Laura)

T

transposons / transposable elements - DNA sequences that can move around to different positions in a single cell's genome. Transposons can cause mutations and change the length of the genome. (Samantha)

U

V

W

whole genome shotgun sequencing - a method of sequencing where DNA is cut into small pieces and cloned into vectors, then both ends of every vector are sequenced in about 500 bps to form mate pairs. Mate pairs rarely overlap, but are used to reassemble the sequence using software. (Samantha)

X

Y

Z

Zone of Inhibition-region where there is successful inhibition of microbial growth, because of the presence of an anti-microbial agent, such as an antibiotic (Zone of Inhibition Pallavi).

This is a list of the student-created tutorials: