Time of bloom

Total Genes

AG AGL19 AGL24 AP1 AP2 AP3 ARP6 ART1 CAL CCA1 CLF CO CRY CRY2 CRY3 EBS EFS ELF3 ELF4 ELF7 ELF8 EMF1 EMF2 ESD4 FCA FD FES1 FIE FKF1 FLC FLD FLK FLM FPA FRI FRL1 FRL2 FT FUL FVE FY GAI GI Hd1 Hd3a LD LFR LFY LHP1 LHY LMI1 LUM MADS MAF1 MAF2 MAF3 MAF4 MAF5 miR172 NF-YB NF-YC PAF1 PFT1 PHYA PHYA-C PHYB PHYE PI PIE1 PIF4 PRC2 RGA SAP18 SEP SEP3 SEU-LUG SMZ SNZ SOC1/AGL20 SPL3 SPL9 SPY STM-PNY/PNF SUF SVP SYD TEM1 TEM2 TFL1 TFL2 TOC1 TOE1 TOE2 TOE3 TSF VIL2 VIN VIN3 VIP VIP3 VIP4 VR VRN1 VRN2 ZTL

Overall Pathway

Pathway 1; Pathway 2; Pathway 3; Pathway 4; Pathway 5; Pathway 6; Pathway 7; Pathway 8; Pathway 9; Pathway 10; Pathway 11; Pathway 12; Pathway 13; Pathway 14; Pathway 15; Pathway 16; Pathway 17; Pathway 18; Pathway 19

Flower Meristem Identity

Primary Genes: Agamous, Apetala1, Apetala2, Cauliflower, Fruitfull, Leafy, Unusual Floral Organs Henderson and Dean, 2004 UC San Diego Mizukami and Ma, 1997
Other Genes: Apetala3, Pistillata
Purpose: These genes "control the identity that a meristem will adopt. These meristem identity genes are activated in response to developmental and environmental cues ... [and are essentially the] master regulators that control the entire floral initiation process." Pidkowich et al., 1999

Floral Pathway Integrators

Primary Genes: Flowering Locus T, Leafy, Supressor of Overexpression of Constans1 Henderson and Dean, 2004
Other Genes: FD (bZIP transcription factor), Twin Sister of FT Abe et al., 2005 Yamaguchi et al., 2005
Purpose: "The multiple pathways quantitatively regulate an overlapping set of common targets, the floral pathway integrators, whose activities convert the shoot apical meristem to a reproductive fate." Boss et al., 2004

Genes Involved

Gene Name	Abbreviation	Function	Interacts with
Supressor of Overexpression of Constans1 Henderson and Dean, 2004	SOC1	Transcription factor that promotes flowering through CO and AGL24 promotion in response to gibberellic acid; it's located downstream of FT NCBI	CO, FT, AGL24
Flowering Locus T Henderson and Dean, 2004	FT	Kinase inhibitor and long-range signal that promotes flowering with LFY and inhibits TFL1; it's a target of CO; it's located upstream of SOC1 NCBI	LFY, TFL1, CO, SOC1
Leafy Henderson and Dean, 2004	LFY	Transcription factor that promotes meristem identity with AP1 through CAL, AGAMOUS, APETALA3, and PISTILLATA promotion UniProt	AP1, CAL, AGAMOUS, APETALA3, PISTILLATA, UFO
Apetala1 NCBI	AP1	Homeotic gene/transcription factor that promotes meristem/sepal identity with LFY through AGAMOUS, SVP, SOC1, and AGL24 promotion	AGAMOUS, LFY, SVP, SOC1, AGL24
Apetala2 NCBI	AP2	Homeotic gene/transcription factor that promotes meristem identity; it interacts with AG in the WUS-CLV pathway	AG, WUS-CLV pathway
Fruitfull NCBI	FUL	Transcription factor that promotes meristem identity with AP1 and CAL through LFY promotion UniProt	AP1, CAL, LFY
Cauliflower NCBI	CAL	Homeotic gene/transcription factor that promotes meristem identity
Constans Henderson and Dean, 2004	CO	Transcription factor that interacts with the circadian clock and controls flowering through SOC1, TF1, FT, P5CS2, and ACS10 promotion UniProt	SOC1, TF1, FT, P5CS2, ACS10
Gigantea NCBI	GI	Transcription factor that interacts with the circadian clock and controls flowering with FKF1 through CO and FT promotion; it's upstream of CO and FT	CO, FT, FKF1
Gibberellin Insensitive NCBI	GAI	Transcription factor that represses flowering by repressing GA-induced growth
Repressor of GA NCBI	RGA	Transcription factor the represses flowering by repressing GA-induced growth
Phytochrome and Flowering Time Henderson and Dean, 2004	PFT1	Nuclear protein that is part of the phyB pathway and promotes flowering in response to suboptimal light NCBI	phyB
Flowering Locus C Henderson and Dean, 2004	FLC	Transcription factor that promotes flowering with FRIGIDA by repressing SOC1; it's part of the autonomous and vernalizatoin pathways UniProt	FRIGIDA, SOC1
Flowering Locus M Henderson and Dean, 2004	FLM	Transcription factor that represses flowering NCBI
Terminal Flower1 Henderson and Dean, 2004	TFL1	Transcription factor that promotes meristem identity through AP1 and LFY repression UniProt	AP1, LFY
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